Author name: Rna

INTRODUCTION One of the recurring procedural questions in corporate practice concerns the relationship between the Memorandum of Association (MOA) and the Articles of Association (AOA) when a company proposes to increase its authorised share capital. Specifically, the question is: where the AOA states a definite rupee figure for authorised capital, must it be formally amended […]

Mohit AgarwalR & A Associates | Company Secretaries, Hyderabad INTRODUCTION The introduction of compulsory dematerialisation under Rule 9B has given rise to an important question of corporate law: Can a company refuse to register an otherwise valid transfer of physical shares solely because it has not complied with its own statutory obligation to facilitate dematerialisation?

I. Audit Trail  Meaning: An audit trail is a register of every action, event, or activity a user or a system did with your data. Thus, it can be related to creation, modification, deletion of records, or can be a sequence of automated system actions. In accounting, an audit trail is used to trace back

The Central Government has vide Notification GSR 92(E) dated 01st February 2021 amended the Companies (Specification of Definitions Details) Rules, 2014 which has come into force on the 1st day of April 2021. As a result of the amendment, the definition of Small Company has been revised with the intention to bring in more companies

Definition of Non- a Banking Financial Company (NBFC) A Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is a company registered under the Companies Act, 1956 or 2013 engaged in the business of loans and advances acquisition of shares/stocks/bonds/debentures/securities issued by Government or local authority or other marketable securities of a like nature leasing, hire-purchase, insurance business chit business

Employee Stock Option Plans (ESOPs) are generally framed to reward employees for their performance, contribution to the Company. When an employee gets ESOPs from the company, it means he gets the right to purchase a certain number of shares in the company at a predetermined price after a predetermined period or periods. It also serves

In order to promote better corporate compliance and facilitate ease of doing business in India, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) has decriminalized various offences under the Companies Act, 2013 (hereinafter referred as “Act”) by introducing the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2019, and the Companies (Amendment) Act, 2020. The brief timelines are as follows: The aspects

Background: Securities and Exchange Board of India vide notification dated 13th August 2021 has amended the Securities and  Exchange  Board of  India  (Listing  Obligations and  Disclosure  Requirements)  Regulations, 2015 (“SEBI LODR”), and the said amendment is named as Securities and  Exchange  Board of  India  (Listing  Obligations and  Disclosure  Requirements) (Fourth Amendment) Regulations, 2021 (“Amended Regulations”).